Macro economics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Macro economics - Coursework Example For instance, this will help boost the manufacturing sector which has faced competition from other countries such as china and the United States. One of the major benefits of the increased growth in exports is reduction in unemployment. Many individuals will be in a position to find jobs in most sectors in the economy due to increased demand of goods and services. Sectors that have been dormant for many years will be revived as a result of increased exports. By increasing exports, the UK will ensure that the cost of these exports is substantially reduced and the quality is enhanced. For example, The UK can achieve to reduce the cost of its exports by reducing the wages. When this happens, the UK will become attractive to other countries, and this will lead to more exports. In addition, by increasing the exports and making them cheaper and of higher quality, the UK will ensure that the population buys local products as opposed to relying on imports. The increase in domestic demand is important for economic growth. Increase in exports will also make the UK currency more valuable compared to other countries in the global economy. If the UK is importing more than exporting, it simply means that it selling its currency in order to buy the foreign currency so that it can import the goods and services. This has the effect of making the exports more expensive and making the imports cheap. In the end, domestic buyers will be encouraged to buy from outside markets. However, when exports are made cheaper, the currency becomes strong, making the UK competitive in the global market. Local manufacturers and service providers are therefore likely to find overseas markets when the currency is strong. Finally, increases in exports and reduction in imports will have a major effective on innovation and creativity. Local firms and individuals will be encouraged to enhance the quality of existing

Importance of Accelerometer Selection

Importance of Accelerometer Selection Accelerometer: Vibrations are everywhere in our lives. They may be generated and transmitted by different things, such as motors, turbines, machines and plants, structures and buildings, or even by human body. Some vibrations are desirable, and some of them can be disturbing or destructive. So understanding the causes of vibrations, measuring and reducing them is important. Accelerometer is a device, designed to measure vibrations in different situations and environments. Function: The heart of an accelerometer is a piezoelectric material (like quartz or ceramic crystal). Figure shows this material as a disc for piezoelectric effect explanation. Imagine that piezoelectric material (the disk) is located between two electrodes, like a capacitor. When a force is applied perpendicular to the disk, a voltage is produced at the electrodes. This phenomenon is called piezoelectric effect. Main elements of an accelerometer are piezoelectric material and seismic mass (Figure ). A seismic mass is attached to one side of the disk, and another side is attached to a sensor. When the accelerometer is subjected to vibration, a generated force acts on the piezoelectric element. According to Newtons Law, this force is equal to the product of the seismic mass and the acceleration (m.a). Based on the piezoelectric effect, an output charge is generated, proportional to the applied force. Since the seismic mass is constant, the output charge signal is proportional to the acceleration of the mass. In wide frequency ranges, sensor and seismic mass have the same acceleration amount, as a result, the sensor measures the acceleration of the test sample (Ref). Different types: In sum, four main types of accelerometers are available; Premium grade accelerometers are made from premium crystals and use low noise circuitry to produce a premium. They have steel cover and this cover can protect them in harsh industrial environments. Industrial grade accelerometers are prevalent in different industries and used on different machines, equipment and plants. High vibration accelerometers are used to monitor high vibration levels, and have a lower output (10 mV/g) and lower mass, in compared with industrial accelerometers. Triaxial accelerometers measure vibration in the X, Y, and Z axes. They have three crystals and they react to vibration in different axis. As a result, the output has three signals, for X, Y, and Z axes (Ref) Accelerometer selection: For getting the best result of using accelerometer in a test, sort of issues must be considered. Based on these issues we can determined the most suitable accelerometer, based on its features, for our test. The first and foremost issue that we must consider is the amplitude of the vibration that we are going to monitor. Frequency range that we are going to study is important to choose an appropriate accelerometer (Ref). Another issues are effective in accelerometer selection, such as the temperature range of the installation area, size of the sample in the test, existence of magnetic field in the test environment, and existence of electrical noise in the test area. Other environmental issues are considerable, for example amount of humidity of test environment, or if accelerometer installation can alert the vibration characteristics in the test or not (Ref). Accelerometer installation: As it was discussed before, accelerometer selection has an important role to get more accurate results. But to achieve this goal, installation of accelerometer is important too. Some points and issues that must be considered during the installation of accelerometer: the surface of installation must be clean and grounded (Ref). The selected location for installation must provide a short and rigid path to the vibration source (Ref). For example, for getting better result in a vibration transmission from road surface test,the closest point to the wheels on the unsprung mass and the chassis near the suspension are recommended. Selected Accelerometer: Selected accelerometer for this test, based on needs and test conditions, is PBC model: 356A32. This model is a Triaxial type, with high sensitivity ( ±10%) 100 mV/g (10.2 mV/(m/s ²)), measurement range of  ±50 g pk ( ±491 m/s ² pk), broadband resolution: 0.0003 g rms (0.003 m/s ² rms), and frequency range of ( ±5%) 1.0 to 4000 Hz (Ref). Figure shows this accelerometer. Selected accelerometer for this test, based on needs and test conditions, is PBC model: 356A24. This model is a Triaxial type, with low sensitivity ( ±10%) 10 mV/g (1.02 mV/(m/s ²)), measurement range of  ±500 g pk ( ±4905 m/s ² pk), broadband resolution: 0.004 g rms (0.04 m/s ² rms), and frequency range of ( ±5%) 1.0 to 9000 Hz (Ref). Figure shows this accelerometer.

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Passage Commentary :: essays research papers

Passage: Page 248: â€Å"-You made me confess the fears that I have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  – Page 249: â€Å"Cranly did not answer.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this passage, Stephen is saying how Cranly has made him confess all of his fears to him, but then he tells Cranly what he does not fear. Stephen tells Cranly that he does not â€Å"fear to be alone or to be spurned for another or to leave whatever† he has to leave. Stephen has gone through several stages in his life, and now that he has gone through all of those stages, he feels that he needs to go further into himself to try to discover his real self. Stephen also mentions to Cranly that he is â€Å"not afraid to make a mistake, even a big mistake, a lifelong mistake and perhaps as long as eternity too.† This shows that Stephen feels that making mistakes is fine because in the end, he will learn from his mistakes. Meanwhile, Cranly repeats the word â€Å"alone† twice to try to enforce the word to Stephen and make sure that the word stands out to him. He is trying to make sure that he understands what Stephen is really saying. Cranly also points out that the word â€Å"alone† means â€Å"not only to be separate from all others but to have not even one friend.† By saying this, Cranly is trying to point out to Stephen that if he leaves everything, he will also be leaving Cranly, who is Stephen’s best friend. Stephen replies without hesitation that he â€Å"will take the risk.† This shows how determined Stephen is to pursue art as a career. Cranly goes on, while ignoring Stephen’s last sentence, talking about how if a person is truly alone, he or she would not â€Å"have any one person†¦who would be more than a friend, more even than the noblest and truest friend a man ever had.† At this point, it is unclear about whether Cranly is addressing Stephen or talking to himself. Cranly remains quiet afterwards pondering that thought while Stephen looks at Cranly’s face for any reaction. Stephen then realizes that Cranly had been speaking of himself, and of â€Å"his own loneliness which he feared.† After some time, Stephen finally asks who Cranly is speaking of, but Cranly remains silent and does not answer. In this passage, it becomes very clear that Stephen and Cranly are two very different people despite the fact that they are best friends.

Mapping Compensation

Wall-Mart has a lot of these things in common with Microsoft, although Wall-Mart tries to soften the low at times by cushioning their employment strategy with a discount card or special privileges. Most of the employees at Wall-Mart start at around $8. 80 an hour, but that is just the base pay. If an employee does well within the company, over time, Wall-Mart will steadily increase the employee's paycheck, depending on his or her performance of their duties that year. That is where the performance-based pay that is similar to Microsoft's strategy comes into play. If an employee does well, he or she will get a raise.If not, then the raise will not happen. A lot of people who try to work at places like Wall-Mart expect instant gratification for their accomplishments, but they will not receive it. An employee must work hard to earn the raise given to him or her at their time of the year. In Figure 2. 8 in the text, Microsoft and AS are compared and contrasted in a compensation map. On M icrosoft's side, there seems to be a very low focus on work/life balance, and the same can be said for Wall-Mart. If an employee accepts a shift at Wall- Mart, he or she had better show up, or risk being fired.Wall-Mart is very strict in this area and does not accept a lot of excuses as far as frequent â€Å"family emergencies† or problems. From personal experience, if there is a death in the immediate family, Wall-Mart will ask for a copy of the death certificate as proof that the employee is not lying. This is a bit disturbing and could be considered offensive to some. Another mapping point from Figure 2. 8 is that Microsoft puts heavy emphasis on hierarchy. Wall-Mart and Microsoft share this part of their strategy. Wall-Mart believes that the basic employees receive Asia pay, while the managers and those on salary receive higher pay.However, there is a â€Å"price† to being on salary versus being an hourly employee. As an hourly employee, the shift is worked within the hours specified, and the job is done. There are no established hours for salaried managers at Wall-Mart. Some have even worked 80 hour weeks in the busy season just to try to keep up with customer satisfaction. One thing that does differ between the two compensation strategies is that Microsoft puts a medium importance to sharing group success, while Wall-Marts strategy is more about the individual.There are really no â€Å"groups† per SE within Wall- Mart's hierarchy, just groups of employees who perform the same job. There is no focus on group success, or group incentives. There are the occasional pep talks in which the managers try to get their employees motivated, but really, the employees would rather be working than sitting in a meeting. It seems that Microsoft values group success, but it also values the individual as well, offering incentives for jobs performed. These companies seem very different from the outside, but when an inside look is taken, there are more molarities than can be seen from the outside.

The Truth and Nature of Love in ‘Shakespeare in Love’

Describe an idea that interested you in a text you have studied. Explain why this idea interested you using visual/verbal techniques to support your answer. John Madden’s Shakespeare in Love is a ‘romantic comedy’ set in the class-dominated society of Elizabethan England. The two protagonists and â€Å"Star-crossed lovers† of the film come from completely different ends of the class spectrum. Will Shakespeare is a â€Å"lowly player† with writer’s block searching for his muse and wealthy Viola De Lesseps who dreams of â€Å"love as there has never been in a play† are fortune’s fools as the viewer must come to realise that love cannot conquer all.Madden conveys the division between Will and Viola through use of dialogue, mis-en-scene, camera shots and costuming. It is through these techniques that as a twenty-first century viewer I became able to understand the harshness of â€Å"the truth and nature of love† in sixteenth c entury England and began to appreciate more the risks Will and Viola took to defy these truths. The idea of the â€Å"truth and nature of love† in sixteenth century England defines marriage as a method of obtaining social or financial gain. This divides our unfortunate protagonists who are separated by their respective social standings.Maddens positions the viewer to see this separation through use of dialogue in Will and Viola’s conversations. Viola is quicker too see the consequences the two will face if she continues her romance with Will saying â€Å"it is too flattering sweet too be substantial. † Too good to be true. Will and Viola’s love is a brief exert from the realities of the time, a dream that can only last until Viola’s inevitable marriage to Lord Wessex. â€Å"Master Will, poet dearest to my heart, I beseech you, banish me from yours- I am to marry Lord Wessex- a daughter’s duty. However Will and Viola continue to pursue their risky love coming to each other in disguise. Will gets caught up in the romance having finally found his muse and boasts to Viola â€Å"For one kiss, I would defy a thousand Wessexes! † As a twenty-first century teenager the concept of a class-system preventing two lovers from being together seemed foreign to me as although today’s society is not perfect there is no hierarchy preventing young couples from being together. However I admired and appreciated the two protagonists for going against the aws of society and seeing each other in secret struggling to convince themselves that â€Å"love knows nothing of rank or riverbank. † Throughout the film the viewer is constantly reminded of the difference between Will and Viola’s respective positions in the hierarchy of the age and however strong it may be their love is not one that will last the expectations and realities of Elizabethan England. Madden engrains this into the viewer through mis-en-scene and ca mera shots. Viola’s stately home is an immediate indicator that she will serve as a foil to Will.Despite their shared passion for the arts almost everything else about Will and Viola differs. When the viewer is introduced to Will Shakespeare he does not live up to the expectations viewers of today have based on the playwright he will become. Will currently lives in what appears to be a run-down, dirty London boarding house. His room is compact and the walls stained and bare. It is void of furniture save a small writing desk, table and stool. His bed is in a small loft atop a ladder and we viewers are reminded, â€Å"actors are two-a-penny† a strange contrast to today’s idolism of all those to grace the silver screen.Viola’s mansion completely differs to Will’s world, the sheer size of the grounds and the long driveway are symbols of her wealth. Viola’s bedroom is furnished with detailed tapestries, carved wooden furniture and a giant four-po ster bed all illuminated by a gentle golden glow heightening the sense of her regality. Viola’s world continues to contrast to Will’s as she has a place at court and therefore is invited to festivities at places such as Greenwich and Whitehall, vast palaces with luxuries such as theatres, audience chambers and ballrooms. Will’s entertainment is in the crowded, dark taverns with cheap food, drink and love.Madden also enhances the separation between the two lovers through use of camera shots and angles. As Viola is the social superior she is shown to be at a higher level than Will through use of low angle shots illustrating to the viewer how she is too above Will for their relationship to work. This is seen especially in the balcony scenes shared between Will and Viola in reality and as Romeo and Juliet in the opening performance of the play. She is always above him and this is reciprocated through high angle shots of Will as he is near the bottom of the Elizabeth an hierarchy.This shows that although it is in Will and Viola’s nature to fall in love the truths of the era separates them making it impossible for a highborn lady like Viola to â€Å"love happily with a bankside poet and player. † Shakespeare in Love won an academy award for its use of costuming in the film, which is apparent when we see Viola throughout the film. She is dressed immaculately in elaborate gowns with intricate beading often shown in regal colours such as red, silver and gold which highlights her wealth and status and reminds the viewer that she is too above Will for their relationship to be acceptable in Elizabethan society.This is contrasted when we first see Will, he is clearly one of the masses in his worn workman boots, plain white shirt and ink stained hands. He relies on his words for a living. Viola and Will are from separate worlds and are only equals in the opening performance of Romeo and Juliet where Will is dressed in equal amounts of finer y as Viola. This shows that only in the make-believe world of the theatre can these two be equal and accepted. The idea that they cannot marry each other even though they are in love is hard to grasp in the modern day and is the reason why many were unsatisfied by the ending of the film.However it was interesting to see how â€Å"love can spring between a queen and the poor vagabond who plays the king. † We see Will and Viola defy â€Å"rank and riverbank† in an awe-inspiring way but we learn that despite their risk taking, there is not always a happy ending. So it can be seen that the truth of love in Elizabethan England separates the two protagonists who are without control over their own relationships and life choices, a reality for the time that is hardly seen in twenty-first century New Zealand making this theme in the film almost alien to a modern teenage girl like myself.John Madden successfully portrays the constrictions of Elizabethan England and the trials Wi ll and Viola must undergo to be together through his use of dialogue, mis-en-scene, camera shots and costuming. It was interesting to me as a modern day teenager to learn that we don’t always get a happy ending in life. â€Å"Those whom God has joined in marriage not even the Queen can put asunder. †

Essay Helper

Essay Helper Essay Helper So you need to write a great application essay and dont really know when and how to get started. If so dont despair because this article is an essay helper that will put you on the right track and show you how to write personalized, brilliant and compelling admission essays that the admissions committee is sure to appreciate and reward by stamping it with that special word accept. As an essay helperthis article would like to point out that writing an admissions essay is the only step in the entire admissions process in which YOU are incomplete charge. So give it your best shot. Now is the time to: Think Plan Organize Structure So that you end up with an exceptionally written and crafted essay that is as unique as you are. Here are some useful tips from your essay help to point you in the right direction: Avoid saying too much too soon: stick to the vital point by focusing on your achievements and qualifications as well as the qualities that allow you to stand head and shoulders above the crowd. You do not want to go around repeating things that you have already written in the application form-focus more on who you are rather than what you have done. Dont just say it, prove it: if you claim to have a particular quality then you need to substantiate this with real life events in which these qualities were demonstrated along with more examples and reasons. There is no comparison between merely making a claim and letting it unfold as an interesting story. Use vivid details: from real life events-a thorough description can be a real essay helper.Instead of saying, I am interested in people from different backgrounds with a variety of interests Think of how you can say the same thing in a more detailed and captivating fashion Be precise: another realessay helperis when you zero in on actual incidents and events rather than making general sweeping statements that sound clichd and contrived. Avoid using statements like I always wanted to help people Be original: there is nothing (yawn) as boring as reading something that has been said a hundred times before. Keep these essay helper tips in mind and you are sure to come up with an essay that will make the admissions committee sit up and take notice: If you need term paper help, research paper help, or college essay help, do not hesitate to order professional custom paper writing services on our site and get your term paper written from scratch! Popular posts: Womens Rights Essay Romeo and Juliet Essays Malayalam Essays Lord of the Flies Book Review Life Experience Essay

Analog and Digital Recording essays

Analog and Digital Recording essays When you listen to a tape, do you know how the sound got there? When you purchase a CD or a record, do you know which will sound better and last longer? Do you know the components of Digital and Analog recording? In this essay I will define, explain and compare the similarities of Digital and Analog recording. Analog recording means, the wave form of the recorded signal resembles the wave form of the original. (Alten) Records were of the few amongst the beginning of Analog recording, however compared to Digital recording, Analog has a low frequency control due to the fact that the amplitude of the electrical signal produced was proportional to the side to side velocity of the stylus. (Walsh) Something in which people listen to frequently is Audiotape. Audiotape in Analog recording is defined as the conversion of electrical signals into magnetic signals in the recording stage and then it is encoded onto tape. When the tape is played back, magnetic signals are then reconverted back into electrical signals. (Alten) The composure of Audiotape recording is a stripe of plastic which has been coated with material that is easily magnetized. It has three heads, which are the Erasehead, Recordhead and the Playhead, which is also known as the E.R.P. (Alten) The signals that are applied to the Recordheads are equalized according to the speed and the tape type. (Digital Domain) The functions of the three different types of Heads are as follows. The Erasehead; neutralizes the polarities of the magnetic particles to remove sound from the tape. (Alten) This is why most people are careful of hitting that record button by accident, while playing valuable information. The Recordhead is the one we use when dubbing a song or our voices to tape. It carries two signals, the record bias current and the audio current. This signal ...

How to Write a Perfect Human Resources Cover Letter (Examples Included)

How to Write a Perfect Human Resources Cover Letter (Examples Included) applying for a human resources position can be kinda like having your parent as your teacher- you know you’re not going to get away with much, because they know your game. these professionals see the best and the worst of application packages, and it can be nerve-wracking to join that fray. but you shouldn’t see it as a daunting, close-your-eyes-and-jump kind of thing. rather, you should look at this as an opportunity to step up your game and impress someone who might very well spend his or her days wading through the good, the bad, and the ugly. first let’s start with the basics of a good cover letter.necessity #1: a personalized introductionhuman resources professionals are used to being the middleman when it comes to job applicants. they’re reading your words, but those words are often intended for someone else’s eyes (the hiring manager, a hiring committee, etc.). but if you’re applying to join an hr department, it’s possible that the person who reads your cover letter first is someone who will have significant input into whether or not you move on to the next level (or, even more importantly, whether you get the all-important offer). either way, don’t treat this person like an anonymous resume-reading robot†¦personalize the intro as much as you can. whether it’s an email (which can feel more informal) or an honest-to-goodness letter (on nice paper and everything), it’s nice to dispense with blah greetings like â€Å"dear sir or madam† whenever possible.if you have a specific name from the job posting, great- use that. if you don’t have a specific name, you can do a little sleuthing to see if there’s a human resources contact listed on the company’s website. or you can even take the old-fashioned route and call the company on the dl to see who would be receiving your application package.it’s also important to use the right tone. definitely donâ€⠄¢t go too casual. the fact that you’re likely submitting these online, or writing an email, can lead to a false sense of shortcut familiarity. so even if you’re submitting your cover letter and resume digitally, treat the email like a regular letter.potential obstacle #1you have a name, but the gender is not clear. this one is sticky- you don’t want to risk alienating someone before you even get to the meat of your cover letter. in this case, better to go a little vaguely formal: dear mr./ms. works. it feels a little clunky, but that’s better than missing the greeting entirely.potential obstacle #2  making social assumptions about the reader. â€Å"mr.† is pretty straightforward, and will likely be so forever. female salutations can be trickier, because you don’t want to make any assumptions about the reader. â€Å"ms.† is your safest option. calling someone â€Å"miss† or â€Å"mrs.† incorrectly isn’t the end of the world, but the most neutral option is the most professional option. elizabeth chung could be married, single, divorced, older, younger, from mars- it doesn’t matter a bit. â€Å"ms. chung† covers all those options neatly.good salutation examples:dear mr. chung,dear mr./ms. chung,greetings mr. chung,bad salutation examples:terry, (too short/informal)greetings mr./ms. terry anderson (too formal)hello: (too impersonal)to whom it may concern: (too formal/too impersonal)you want your cover letter to seem professional, but approachable. the salutation helps set that tone. if you make it seem too much like an impersonal form letter, or the stiff letter of a person who is uncomfortable talking about this job application, you run the risk of not engaging the reader. and i think we all know what happens to application packages that don’t engage the reader. (spoiler alert: they don’t get read.)necessity #2: your elevator pitchbelieve it or not, cover letters have become controversial. personally, i disagree- and it’s a moot debate if a job description specifically asks you for a cover letter anyway. if you’re wavering on whether it’s actually necessary to do one, think of it is an opportunity to give the reader an elevator pitch about yourself. ideally, the reader will also be reviewing your resume, but your cover letter can be the eye contact and handshake that get the conversation started.potential obstacleyou don’t want to give away the farm, so to speak- the person will be reading your resume, so you don’t want to just summarize the same bullet points. instead, use 1-3 sentences as a narrative line for your resume/qualifications. you also don’t want to leave it too brief, conveying little information about you- otherwise, what’s the point? it’s like saying, â€Å"i’m forced to write a cover letter, so here you go.† again, don’t miss an opportunity to talk a bout how you fit well with the company and the job description.good example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.bad examples:i am applying for a job at vandelay industries. please see my attached resume, and let me know if you have any questions.basically, make sure that your cover letter has some of your big talking points, but don’t just rehash your resume. take the opportunity to set the narr ative.necessity #3: a strong finishalways have a closing that leaves room for follow-up. yes, the reader knows that they can email you with any questions, but it’s a conversational way to close out the letter and move the reader on to your resume.good closing example:i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.bad closing example:please let me know more about this job opening. thanks.in these examples, one writer reminds the reader that the writer is focused on this job and his or her qualifications for it. the other writer closes with the most generic close-out possible, and could apply to a job opening for a line cook or a podiatrist. you want to make sure you’re aligning yourself with the job in the reader’s mind, and this is your la st chance to do so before they read your resume.  necessity #4: keep it cleanlike with your resume, you want your cover letter to be clear and easy to read. that means:a standard font. this is not the time to test out â€Å"fun† fonts. pick something clean and basic, like times.no huge blocks of text. in a letter, unbroken paragraphs can look like the ramblings of a manifesto. you want your reader to see a series of separate, elegantly outlined points. short paragraphs, a few at most.short length. a cover letter should never be more than a page, and even a full page is definitely pushing it. brevity is the soul of wit, and the friend of application readers everywhere.good letter body example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organization al and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.bad letter body example:as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was very thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. iâ €™ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator. i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.  in the bad example, the information is crowded and tough to read. it’s also made even more unreadable by the font. and emojis are great for texting, but they have no place in your application package, sorry. if you want to convey tone, you’ve got to do it the old-fashioned way: through your words.once you’ve got the body of the letter in shape, all that’s left is the closing. like the salutation, you want to err on the side of f ormal, but friendly.good closing examples:best wishes,sincerely,bad examples:thanks. (brusque tone)fondest wishes, (too flowery)[name- no greeting] (too abrupt)call me, (too informal and oddly personal)and after that, you’re done! human resources professionals, maybe even more so than any other professionals, can appreciate a well-constructed cover letter. they also see a lot of them, so it’s important to get in, present your information in a clean, engaging way, and get out. you want them to remember you, not the person who sent the wacky/inappropriate/super-formal cover letter.let’s take a last look at the good example cover letter as a whole:dear mr. chung,as a human resources professional with more than 8 years of experience in benefits management, i was thrilled to hear about your opening for a benefits coordinator. i’ve worked with companies of more than 500 employees (like vandelay industries), and i understand the organizational and communications challenges that can arise along the way. i’ve spent my career working to make those challenges into opportunities for better and more efficient communication throughout the company. i believe my highly developed skills in training and corporate communications would work very in the role of benefits coordinator.i would love to have the opportunity to join your team, and look forward to hearing more about the benefits coordinator position. please let me know if you have any questions, or if there’s any more information i can provide about my experience coordinating benefits.sincerely,barbara franklinthejobnetwork is your best spot to find the exact job hr you seek in your area. take a look at listings for the following jobs, or search for your own specific terms:human resources manager jobshuman resources assistant jobsstaffing specialist jobs

Landlord and Tenant Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Landlord and Tenant Law - Essay Example d be kept in mind that the cited act does not deal with the agreements executed relating to the properties meant for commercial, industrial, agriculture utilization and other than the residential properties (Hill, 1995). The relationship between the landlord and tenant establish that the landlord has entrusted the rights to use the property for the specified purpose. For centuries the landlord restricted to give the rights to the tenant to use the property whereas according to English law, a Landlord bound to put the tenant in its place of tenancy to live in (Casner, et al., 2004). In the present day scenario the landlord and tenant relationship consider above the simple conveyance of lease. In two modern states of the world (America and England) it is the bounden duty of landlord to ensure possession of land or property to the tenant at the start of lease. The thought behind the peaceful possession of the property to the new tenant is just to pursue the wrong full possession of the earlier tenant by way of legal means or otherwise. In the United States of America leases have implied covenant of peaceful enjoyment. In other words the tenant enjoys complete immunity from landlord (Hill, 1995). In accordance with the above law, tenant has the right to offer constructive eviction to the landlord provided the tenant has not paid the amount of tenancy regularly. In line with the constructive eviction no one can occupy the place of tenancy for an indefinite period of time (Casner, et al., 2004). In accordance with the Kansas Residential Landlord and Tenancy Act is concerned, If owner of the property could not hand over the possession to the tenant in line with the mentioned act, the rent will not be payable to the landlord until and unless the tenant gets the possession of the premises (Residential Landlord and Tenant Act, 2004). As per act, written five day notice to landlord will suffice to terminate the rental agreement. Accordingly landlord is bound to refund

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London Research Paper

Healthcare tourism Dubai versus London - Research Paper Example Market Penetration Market experts have predicted a massive projection in the market share of Dubai in the global medical tourism market. It has been reported that in 2010, the total value of the medical tourism industry was to shoot up seven percent in comparison with 2009. It was expected that the total value of the market by the end of 2010 would be Dh 6.1 Billion. Further, in 2014, the government approved the Dubai Medical Tourism Strategy. This suggests the dedicated aggressive marketing done by the industry to have increased presence in the market. It is interesting to note that in the initial years of establishment of the concept of medical tourism, UAE was considered more as a consumer than a service provider. The paradigm shift in the scenario suggests market penetration as an intensive strategy. â€Å"The healthcare services market in the GCC is expected to grow from AED 66 billion (US $18 billion) in 2008 to AED 175-202 billion (US $47-55 billion) by 2020† . Market Development It has been reported that in 2010, Dubai Health Authority entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Medical Tourism partners across the globe to fortify Dubai’s presence as major medical tourism destination. Dubai hosted the Medical Tourism Congress in 2011. These steps could be analyzed as market development intensive strategies of the Dubai medical tourism industry. There has been substantial improvement in healthcare infrastructure and technology and focused changes in the policies and regulations so as to comply with the market development strategies. Dubai has an investment friendly environment. It has established Health Care Free Zones (Tax free trade zones) and Health Cities.

Federal Liability Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Federal Liability Law - Essay Example They also started destroying the properties of the Black Americans so that they can accomplish their objections and influence the forthcoming elections. Moreover, they started discriminating in the registration of voting on the basis of color and race. In order to stop the violence of the Ku Klux Klan Act, President Ulysses Grant took power in his hands and implemented the Civil Act of 1871 against the southerners on April 20, 1871. President Ulysses Grant made use of his power and sent federal troops to the south to stop the harassment and slaughtering of the Black Americans. During his period many supporters of the Ku Klux Klan Act were under arrest and prisoned for the massacres they had committed. He also had forbidden discrimination on the basis of color and caste (Kappeler, 2006). According to the section of 1983, if any police officer, government officer, mayor or municipality violates any constitutional law then he will be sued by the citizens. In the past the government and the municipalities could not be sued under the law because they enjoyed immunity. According to the section of 1983, the state enjoys immunity but the municipality and other government parties do not. The Supreme Court has developed various tests to check whether the conduct constitutes the state or the private action of the state officer. These tests include the public function test, the nexus test and the state compulsion test. A policy was established by plaintiff to create municipal liability for the conduct of the police officer. In order to establish municipal liability a police officer must violate a constitutional right. According to the Supreme Court, the failure to train results in deliberate differences. The concept deliberates that indifferences exist when police officers com e in contact with the rights of the people. Therefore various steps were taken by the Supreme Court to reduce the deliberate differences. Training programs

Choose one of the theorists of power discussed in Week 3, and discuss Essay

Choose one of the theorists of power discussed in Week 3, and discuss the extent to which their ideas are relevant to understand the distribution and exercise o - Essay Example Going further it is very clear from the review of the literature that these thinkers were influenced by the events that shaped their world and also by the contribution of the previous generation of philosophers. Thus it is important to remember that their views can be only understood in the context of these experiences. Since, there is a progressive development in their ideas as time progresses, there is no point of comparison. Yet if one is asked to choose which among them is more relevant to understanding the present system of governance or the various leadership models found in the modern world, then there must be no hesitation to choose the classical theorist Max Weber. The following reasons supports this view. Using these three questions as guidelines, it would be beneficial to have an overview of the different theories by the other philosophers to provide a point of comparison. By looking at their respective historical we see a linear development from Medieval period up to the more recent era. Max Weber continued writing even up to the 20th century and undoubtedly his ideas were shaped by the leapfrogging developments in politics and social sciences at the turn of the century. Contrast Webers background and experiences to Niccolo Machiavelli who lived in a period commonly known as the Dark Ages. This is a time before the Reformation, Renaissance and age of scientific progress. His magnum opus, a book entitled The Prince was written in 1515 AD, in the midst of a society where despots and authoritarian rulers are a norm (Wheeler, 2006, par.3, â€Å"The Prince†). Thomas Hobbes on the other hand was born a mere century after Machiavelli and his theory of power was based on the understanding of a world ruled by kings, queens and popes. His ideas supported the necessity of a monarchical government and even assert that order can be attained by following this type of rule. Hobbes was forced to support monarchy only

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic levels and organism Research Paper - 1

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic levels and organism localization and interaction specific to this area - Research Paper Example Moreover, they provide food security and livelihoods to people in the country. However, the stability of reefs in the region is under threats. This has occurred due to destructive fishing methods and overuse of resources (Unico Conservation Foundation, 2012). The threat in this ecosystem is seen as a threat to Philippines livelihoods due to a higher level of reliance on reefs. In coral reefs, there exists a feeding relationship between various organisms. The relationship helps in the transfer of energy from one level to another (Rose, 2009). A reef in a normal environment ensures stability and sustenance of these organisms. In the lower level of the reef are the producers. These ensure there is a creation of food for other organisms up in the system. There are a number of producers in the coral reef ecosystems. The most common are phytoplankton, algae, and species of seaweed (Rose, 2009). However, the major producer in the system is the phytoplankton (Rose, 2009). The organisms at this stage live in close association with the corals. Hence, they contribute to the make up of the reefs. Consumers occupy the second level (Rose, 2009). However, the consumers are divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary. The first level in this stage is occupied by primary consumers (Rose, 2009). The consumers at this level are herbivores (Rose, 2009). Some of the major herbivores in the marine environment include zooplankton, invertebrate larvae, benthic grazers, sea urchins, some corals and crabs as well as green sea turtles and herbivorous fish (Rose, 2009). However, the most abundant consumers at this stage are zooplankton (Rose, 2009). However, the feeding mechanism of creatures at this level varies. For example, the benzic grazers and some coral species adopt a different mechanism in which they feed through filtration (Rose, 2009). The form of feeding helps them to filter phytoplankton out of the water. Other creatures eat algae and seaweed directly. The

Employment tribunal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employment tribunal - Essay Example According to statistics released by the Employment Tribunals Service, the claims accepted by tribunals in 2006 totaled 115,039. This figure showed a great improvement from the previous year when only 86,181 claims had been accepted. Of the claims that were accepted in 2006, 18% of them got a successful full hearing. The rest were withdrawn, settled, disposed of or unsuccessful. The tribunals passed an average award for unfair dismissal cases of 8,679 pounds. For successful discrimination cases, the average award was set at between 5,540 and 9020 pounds. A total of 867 decisions made by Employment tribunals were later appealed, of which only 298 cases were allowed. The rest were either withdrawn or dismissed (Edge, 2008). These statistics clearly indicate that although the tribunals were formed to help employees and employers solve any disputes among themselves in an amicable manner, it has not been an easy task to carry out this duty (Selwyn, 2006). One of the main issues that have b een hampering the effectiveness of the employment Tribunals in the UK is lack of independence. There are normally too many vested interests within the tribunals themselves. It is quite common to find some employers or their lawyers influencing tribunal proceedings so as to get the outcome they want.

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic levels and organism Research Paper - 1

Coral Reefs in the Philippines and the trophic levels and organism localization and interaction specific to this area - Research Paper Example Moreover, they provide food security and livelihoods to people in the country. However, the stability of reefs in the region is under threats. This has occurred due to destructive fishing methods and overuse of resources (Unico Conservation Foundation, 2012). The threat in this ecosystem is seen as a threat to Philippines livelihoods due to a higher level of reliance on reefs. In coral reefs, there exists a feeding relationship between various organisms. The relationship helps in the transfer of energy from one level to another (Rose, 2009). A reef in a normal environment ensures stability and sustenance of these organisms. In the lower level of the reef are the producers. These ensure there is a creation of food for other organisms up in the system. There are a number of producers in the coral reef ecosystems. The most common are phytoplankton, algae, and species of seaweed (Rose, 2009). However, the major producer in the system is the phytoplankton (Rose, 2009). The organisms at this stage live in close association with the corals. Hence, they contribute to the make up of the reefs. Consumers occupy the second level (Rose, 2009). However, the consumers are divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary. The first level in this stage is occupied by primary consumers (Rose, 2009). The consumers at this level are herbivores (Rose, 2009). Some of the major herbivores in the marine environment include zooplankton, invertebrate larvae, benthic grazers, sea urchins, some corals and crabs as well as green sea turtles and herbivorous fish (Rose, 2009). However, the most abundant consumers at this stage are zooplankton (Rose, 2009). However, the feeding mechanism of creatures at this level varies. For example, the benzic grazers and some coral species adopt a different mechanism in which they feed through filtration (Rose, 2009). The form of feeding helps them to filter phytoplankton out of the water. Other creatures eat algae and seaweed directly. The

Discuss the military campaigns and battles of Zachary Taylor in the Essay

Discuss the military campaigns and battles of Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War. How would you rate him as a commander What impact did the war have on Taylors career - Essay Example The Assault on Monterrey and Battle of Buena Vista are the other two military campaigns and battles by Taylor where he recorded notable success against the enemies. In the former, he was able to make Monterrey fall to American forces, and in the later battle, he oversaw the Mexicans withdrawing and essentially bringing to an end the northern Mexico fighting (Millett, Peter and William 206). I would rate Zachary Taylor as an accomplished and able commander. This view is informed by the fact that he was able to commandeer American forces during the Mexican War and ensured America’s victory in the War with the forces suffering fewer casualties compared to the enemy (Millett, Peter and William 231). Ultimately, after suffering enormous losses, Mexicans withdrew and the fighting in the northern Mexico ended. The war had significant impact on Taylor’s career; his victory enhanced his national reputation. After seeing the end to the conflict, he ventured into politics and easily defeated his main rival Lewis Cass in the 1848 presidential election (Roberts

Prostitutes: Victims Or Offenders?

Prostitutes: Victims Or Offenders? The profession of prostitution has existed since times immemorial, with some people even claiming that it is one of the oldest professions in the world. However, till today sex work remains a highly stigmatized and taboo topic in most states and regions of the world. Most people tend to look down upon those who pursue it and perceive prostitutes to be despicable, sex-loving and morally corrupt criminals. Others sympathize with their predicament and consider them oppressed victims of circumstances in which they had no agency. It appears that in most cases, acceptance to be subjected to degradation in the form of sex work is a direct result of poverty and lack of opportunities and hence, is a coerced choice rather than an independent one. In many countries, the profession has been given legal standing though it continues to be illegal in the United States (with the exception of ten counties in the state of Nevada), Argentina, India and a number of Muslim and Communist countries. In England and Wales, current legislations on sex-work are far from straight-forward and leave room for much ambiguity and controversy. The Sexual Offences Act 2003 defines a prostitute as a person who on at least one occasion and whether or not compelled to do so, offers or provides sexual services to another person in return for payment or a promise of payment. Strictly speaking, prostitution is and has always been legal in the United Kingdom though a number of laws criminalize certain activities directly connecting to it. The Sexual Offences Act, 1956 makes it an offence to keep a brothel for the use of prostitution and the 2003 Act bans causing/inciting prostitution or controlling it for personal gains. Moreover, loitering or soliciting sex on the streets, pimping, pandering and kerb-crawling (the act of driving slowly against a pavement to entice somebody for sexual purposes) are all against the law. Since 2001, adverts placed in phone booths have been banned. Human trafficking, which arguably fuels the market for prostitution, has also been addressed under the law. There are several general laws in place for indecency and public nuisance which can be said to target the sex trade industry. In 2009, Section 14 of the Policing and Crime Act rendered it a strict liability offence to pay for the sexual services of a prostitute who has been subjected to force, threat, coercion or exploited in some way by a third party and ignorance of the circumstances will be no defence. The UK government had high hopes the creation of this new offence would reduce demand for sexual services and thereby tackle the rampant issue of sex trafficking and exploitation. Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which has been ratified by the Council of Europe and incorporated into domestic legislation through the Human Rights Act 1998, states All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Moreover, the UDHR prohibits slavery and servitude and states no one shall be subjected to cruel, degrading or inhuman treatment. At the very essence of the Act, lies the notion that the right to equality and liberty is every living persons birthright and cannot be alienated. Radical feminist Catherine Mackinnon  [1]  argues that women in prostitution are denied all imaginable human rights as they are prostituted precisely in order to be degraded and subjected to cruel and brutal treatment without human limits; it is the opportunity to do this that is exchanged when women are bought and sold for sex. She reflects The gap between the promise of civil rights and the real lives of prostitutes is an abyss which swallows up prostituted women. To speak of prostitution and civil rights in one breath moves the two into one world, at once exposing and narrowing the distance between them. In a similar vein as Mackinnon, American radical feminist and one-time prostitute Andrea Dworkin likens a prostitute to a gang rape victim, asserting the two experience the same trauma and suffering. Oh, you say, gang rape is completely different. An innocent woman is walking down the street and she is taken by surprise. Every woman is that same innocent woman. Every woman is taken by surprise. In a prostitutes life, she is taken by surprise over and over and over again. The gang rape is punctuated by a money exchangeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Thats the only difference. In Dworkins opinion, women are generally considered to be dirty and a prostitute is not a metaphor of the dirt but in fact, a literal manifestation of scum and filth. Prostituted women are being killed every single day, and we dont think were facing anything resembling an emergency. Why should we? Theyre no one. When a man kills a prostitute, he feels righteous. It is a righteous kill. He has just gotten rid of a piece of dirt, and the society tells him he is right. Prostitution is hardly a victimless crime it dehumanizes and commodifies women, rendering them mere objects of fetish and lust. By its very nature, it tends to be degrading for women and involves risk of violence in the face of both physical and sexual attacks. Perpetrators of such offences vary from pimps, abusive clients and violent bystanders waiting to catch a free ride. Women who have been involved in the profession often describe it as paid rape and voluntary slavery. In a research conducted by PhD of Prostitution Research Education, Melissa Farley entitled Prostitution: Fact sheet on Human Rights Violations, Farley asserts that prostitution is sexual harassment, rape, battering, verbal abuse, domestic violence, a racist practice, a violation of human rights, childhood sexual abuse, a consequence of as well as a means of maintaining male domination over women. She writes: All prostitution causes harm to women, whether it is being sold by ones family to a brothel, or whether it is being sexually abused in ones family, running away from home, and then being pimped by ones boyfriend, or whether one is in college and needs to pay for next semesters tuition and one works at a strip club behind glass where men never actually touch you all these forms of prostitution hurt the women in it. Farley and a team of researchers drafted a report titled Prostitution and trafficking in nine countries: An update on violence and Posttraumatic stress disorder where they interviewed 854 current/recent prostitutes in 9 countries (Canada, Columbia, Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, Turkey, United States and Zambia) inquiring about sexual and physical violence. The results were astounding. Farley discovered that prostitution is multi-traumatic: 71% of the respondents were physically assaulted, 63% were raped, 89% wanted to escape prostitution but had no other career options available and 68% met the criteria for PTSD. According to a study conducted in Exeter University in the UK, at any given time, one in four hundred women is a sex worker. The global economic crisis and recession has driven young girls into the profession of prostitution, against their will. They enter the profession, young, gullible and vulnerable, only to be exploited by pimps and those who pay for their services. Disillusioned and exhausted, they resort to drugs as a means of momentarily relieving themselves of their misery and pathetic state. Call girls or escorts as they are colloquially referred to, are an easy target for men who use them to get sexual favours and ruthlessly beat them up if they dare ask for money. Statistics show crimes committed against prostitutes usually go unreported and the few that are reported with the authorities, tend to go unpunished. There seems to be tacit acceptance of this form of violence that is prevalent in society as very few people question the status quo and the deplorable state of affairs of sex workers. This moral disdain is mirrored on the judicial level where prostitutes bear the brunt of the criminal justice system and their male counterparts, namely the pimps and clients, get off relatively lightly. The violence and abuse, prostitutes face is illustrated by the Ipswich Serial Murders. In the winter of 2006, naked dead bodies of five prostitutes at different locations were discovered in and around Ipswich, Suffolk in England. In 2008, forty-nine year old Steve Wright, pleading guilty, was convicted for murdering all five of them. A forensic scientist informed the court that Wright had had prolonged physical contact with three of the women he later killed and had left behind extensive samples of his DNA. During the courts proceedings, Wright admitted that he had been paying for sex for the last 25 years since he had been working as a steward on cruise ships. In response to the murders, Suffolk Police launched a strategy to effectively eliminate all street prostitution in the town. But the Ipswich case is not a one off instance. Neither will ending prostitution be a long-term solution. In 2001, twenty-one year old Vicky Glass had been missing for two months before her naked and decomposed body was discovered dumped in a stream near Damby, North Yorkshire. Similarly, thirty-three year old Julia Dorsett went missing in 2002. Six years later, her upper torso skeleton, wrapped in a duvet was found dumped in Walthamstow. In recent times, forty year old Stephen Shaun Griffiths has been charged and convicted for murdering three prostitutes in Bradford. Soon after the Ipswich Serial Murders, an extremely pertinent and contentious issue was widely debated as to what kind of legislative measures could change the prevailing conditions of prostitutes. One of the measures proposed by the current Criminal Justice and Immigration Bill was the mandatory rehabilitation of women involved in the profession of sex-work. As per the Bill, street prostitutes would be obliged to attend three counseling sessions with support workers. In the case of absence, they can be held up in custody for up to three days. It is argued that rather than solving the problem, such measures will exacerbate it. Probation officers enforcing mandatory rehabilitation orders are as it is over-stretched and lack the relevant resources required to deal with the issues prostitutes and sex-workers face. Support services for prostitutes lack the capacity to address specific troubles of the latter such as client violence. For example, 15 London boroughs have no sexual health ou treach provision for women in the sex industry. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) was adopted by the United Nations in 1979 and provides for an international standard for the protection and promotion of womens human rights. The CEDAW committee, which monitors compliance with the commission, incessantly opposes forced prostitution, trafficking of women and young girls and exploitation of prostitution. Though it does not legalize prostitution, CEDAW has in the past, urged certain countries such as China to decriminalize the trade so that women can come out in the open without fear of being labeled consensual criminals and insofar as reducing instances of HIV/AIDS, trafficking and violence against women. India, a country where an alarming number or rape incidents take place every year, suggested the legalization of the trade in 2002. Khushwant Singh, columnist and novelist wrote in an article titled How a rapist should be punished: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦[A] necessary step [to prevent rape] is to legalise prostitution carried out in brothels or by call-girls provided the sex workers are adults and have not been forced into the trade. The more you try to put down prostitution, the higher will be the incidence of crime against innocent women. You may find the idea repulsive but ponder over it and you will realise there is substance in the argument. The United Kingdom has a number of sex workers rights groups who argue that the only way to prevent gross human rights violations being committed against prostitutes is by completely legalizing the sex trade. They claim legislation will resolve many issues and have a positive impact on society. Not only will it allow law enforcement agencies to respond to more important crimes but it will also relieve the justice system from nuisance cases and allegedly trivial litigation as well as freeing women who are caught by the shackles of prostitution and preventing teenagers from being ensnared into the profession. Over the years, the authorities have adopted an ostrich-like approach towards the predicament of prostitutes; legalizing the worlds oldest profession will allow the trade to be regulated and managed. Health care safety measures can be planned which will significantly reduce instances of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and herpes simplex virus. Pimps and traffickers will be prevented from treating prostitutes on sub-human levels. Moreover, studies have found that when brothels are closed, incidents of rape tend to increase significantly. Countries where prostitution is legal, report less cases of murder, rape, and HIV/AIDS. Suicide rates have also been found to be lower along with divorce rates. On the other hand, a research conducted by the London School of Economics, German Institute for Economic Research and Heidelberg University revealed that out of the 116 countries sampled, those where prostitution was legal displayed a higher inflow of trafficking as compared to those countries where the trade was illegal. Furthermore, legislation will not remove the stigma attached to sex work and neither will it improve the economic conditions of those who resort to this profession. In 2000 the Home Office published Setting the Boundaries which was a thorough and detailed analysis of the law governing sexual offences. The report led to the milestone metamorphosis of the Sexual Offences Act 2003. In 2004, yet another strategy report was introduced, titled Paying the Price: a consultation paper on prostitution. This report sought to set a realistic and coherent framework to tackle the issue of sex work. It asserted that to address the issue of social exclusion and to achieve a reduction in anti-social behaviour and violence against women, an in-depth debate on prostitution is imperative. Organised criminality, including trafficking and substantial drug misuse, and sexually and drug transmitted infection, are all part of the problem. Systematic abuse, violence and exploitation are endemic. The strategy included prevention, tackling demand, developing routes out, ensuring justice and dealing with street prostitution. As per the Home Office, in the UK as many as 60 women involved in prostitution have been murdered in the last 10 years; 80,000 women work in on-street prostitution and the average age women become involved is a meager 12 years. Though the arguments against legalizing prostitution are plentiful and relevant, in my opinion the trade should be decriminalized insofar as it reduces exploitation of women and children. Women involved in sex-work are treated as consensual criminals and offenders of the law but are, in fact the victims of a lawless and brutal profession that strips them of their self esteem and individuality. Putting our ethical and moral views aside, if legislation can in any way improve the existing deplorable conditions of sex workers, it should be seriously considered and accordingly reforms should be recommended by the Law Commission. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2007/jun/27/ukcrime.prisonsandprobation http://revdlesley.blogspot.com/2010/10/impact-of-prostitution.html# http://prostitution.procon.org/sourcefiles/paying_the_price.pdf http://www.surreycc.gov.uk/social-care-and-health/childrens-social-care/protecting-children-from-harm/protecting-and-safeguarding-children/protecting-and-safeguarding-children-publications/home-office-prostitution-strategy-report http://www.surreycc.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/168614/SSCB-Prostitution-Strategy.pdf http://www.idppcenter.com/CEDAW_Comm_Pressures_Nations_on_Prostitution.pdf http://www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/cedaw_fact_sheet.pdf http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/feb/22/stopcriminalisingthevictims

I Hate Decisions Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

When I decide to go out to eat, I generally have picked out where I want to go and what I want to order before I leave home. Nevertheless, when I arrive at the restaurant, my mind races in circles. Should I get what I was craving on the way here, or should I get what is on special? Should I try something new and different, or should I get one of my old favorites? Should I get it Supersized? For here or to go? Do I want the soup or salad? Should I get something to drink or for dessert? What would go best with the main course? After agonizing over all of my choices, I usually just end up following my gut instinct and ordering what I had in mind on the way to the restaurant. Decisions have always tended to come difficult for me, big or small. Â   Similar to selecting a meal at a restaurant, I have an extremely difficult time choosing a major at college. Since grade school, I have dreamed of becoming a schoolteacher. I had always envied their big desk, red pens, and superior knowledge. However, as I grew older, I became increasingly aware of how expensive college ...

Financial Analysis of Oracle Corp Essay -- essays papers

Financial Analysis of Oracle Corp INTRODUCTION Background and History Oracle Corporation is a technology company that supplies software for the use of information management. They develop, manufacture, market and distribute computer software that helps other corporations manage their data so they can better grow and prosper. In 1977, Larry Ellison, Bob Miner, and Ed Oates founded System Development Laboratories. After being inspired by a research paper written in 1970 by an IBM researcher titled â€Å"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks† they decided to build a new type of database called a relational database system. The original project on the relational database system was for the government (Central Intelligence Agency) and was dubbed ‘Oracle.’ They thought this would be appropriate because the meaning of Oracle is source of wisdom. In 1978, Software Development laboratories moved from their offices in Santa Clara to ones in Menlo Park, the heart of the Silicon Valley. To better explain what they did, they changed their name to Relational Software Inc., or RSI. In 1979, RSI developed and distributed its first commercial SQL database V2, there was no version 1. In 1982, RSI changed its name to Oracle Systems Corporation, which later changed again to Oracle Corporation. They reasoning behind this was that they thought by naming the company after the product it would help the company obtain more recognition. In 1983, Oracle decided to make the Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) portable. They then introduce V3, the first portable database to run on Personal Computers, minicomputers and mainframes. In 1984, Oracle Corporation’s revenues reach $12.7 million and they move into a new eighty-four thousand square foot building in Belmont, CA. They also went international by working with companies in Canada, Netherlands, and a limited portion in the United Kingdom. In 1985 they hit $23 million in revenues and expanded to Austria, Germany, Japan, Sweden, and Switzerland. Their Initial Public Offering was on March 12, 1986, the same year their revenues reached $55 million. The stock opened at a price of $15 and closed at $20.75. Oracle Corporation expanded to Australia, Finland, France, Hong Kong (limited), Norway, and Spain. In 1987, Oracle’s revenues were $131 million, as ... ...rs, setting a good trend for the corporation. They also have a very low debt-to-equity ratio, indicating that they have enough equity to easily pay off any funds acquired from creditors. As a creditor I would feel safe in lending them funds for any future projects or endeavors. Bibliography: WORKS CITED Oracle Corporation 2000a. Investor Relation – Corporate History. 20 July. Internet: http://www.oracle.com/corporate/. Oracle Corporation 2000b. Investor Relations – Financials. 21 July. Internet: http://ww.oracle.com/corporate/. Oracle Corporation 2000c. 1999 Annual Report – Introduction. 21 July. Internet: http://www.oracle.com/corporate/annual_report/99/index.html. Oracle Corporation 2000d. Financial Highlights. 22 July. Internet: http://www.oracle.com/corporate/annual_report/99/financial/index.html?finhgh99.html. Moyer, Charles R., and McGuigan, James R., and Kretlow, William J. 1998. Contemporary Financial Management. South-Western College Publishing: Cincinnati, Ohio, 64-106. America Online, Inc. 2000. Personal Finance – Investment Research. 30 July. http://research.web.aol.com/index.adp?T1=orcl&item=4.

The use of relaxation techniques to increase self-confidence and reduce performance anxiety in squash players

AbstractThe effect of transcendental meditation on self-confidence is reported; one-way ANOVA revealed that self-confidence increases over time but only after 2 weeks of the start of the intervention. Qualitative data on the mechanisms of this effect reveal that it could be due to increased time for reflective practice and enhancing executive control. This is consistent with control theory (Jones, 1995) on the nature of performance anxiety in sport.IntroductionIn the domain of Sport Psychology, there is a substantial amount of theory and practice surrounding performance anxiety in practically all sporting contexts. Here two individuals will be presented with an identified deficit in one particular mental faculty which research suggests is pertinent to performance in sport. These two individuals play squash in competitive tournaments at University. Performance anxiety can vary in intensity and direction, and is a feeling of apprehension open to psychological interpretation and marked by biological indicators such as increased heart rate and galvanic skin responsiveness (Jones and Swain, 1993). Relaxation techniques refer here to any intervention aimed at either reducing or reinterpreting the anxiety than an individual is feeling (Hanton and Jones, 1999). Jones (1995) advocated the multidimensional anxiety conceptualisation and subsequently developed a model of control to separate the nature and genesis of beneficial and detrimental anxiety in the literature. The multidimensional nature of anxiety in this model refers to the different qualitative ways in which performance anxiety can vary such as the presence and nature of cognitive intrusions and the temporal patterning of the anxiety response. The cognitive ability of an individual to appraise their anxiety and maintain executive control over their perceptions will ultimately define whether this anxiety helps or hinders them during performance. There is empirical support for the notion that facilitative interpretation of anxiety and greater executive control can elevate performance (Jones, 1995; Jones, Hanton and Swain, 1994; Jones and Swain, 1993) but this theory is developed from an overview of past research, and does not substantially acknowledge the potential weaknesses of this research. Moreover it fails to enter into a thorough debate over the mechanisms which could be responsible for the differing interpretations of anxiety between people. Without this, interpretation is left to completely determine the effect of anxiety and therefore the effect becomes inherently unpredictable. Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump and Smith (1990) conceptualised cognitive and somatic anxiety as separate phenomena. They theorise that cognitive anxiety will be inversely related to performance and somatic anxiety will have an inverted U-shaped relationship with performance. Importantly these authors also found a positive linear relationship between self-confidence and performance. This suggests that some somatic anxiety is needed for optimal performance, and perhaps self-confidence is also needed to curb cognitive anxiety and maintain composure in the presence of somatic anxiety. It should be noted though that Martens et al. (1990) used an obsolete measure of anxiety (Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2) which does not incorporate measures of the athlete’s interpretation of their anxiety, focusing solely on intensity. This is a huge flaw since it is now widely acknowledged that psychologically talented and self-confident athletes can direct their anxiety towards facilitative ends (O’Brien, Hanton and Mellalieu, 2005). Jones, Hanton and Swain (1994) suggest that it is the interpretation of anxiety which is of upmost importance. But the causes of differences in interpretation are not explored in this research. There is some evidence to suggest that self-confidence; the belief in one’s own ability to successfully complete the task at hand has a substantial influence over an individual’s ability to control or direct their anxiety (Carver and Scheier, 1988; Jones et al., 1994; Hanton, Mellalieu and Hall, 2004). This study will therefore focus on the effectiveness of an often used intervention; relaxation strategies in improving self-confidence.HypothesisThere will be significant improvement in participants’ self-confidence after relaxation therapy. This increased self-confidence will significantly improve performance.Literature reviewWith the proposed theoretical frameworks outlined above in mind, there are many potential interventions which could be suggested to act on the propose d source of negative performance. This review will focus on research into the effects of relaxation therapies on the state of mind of athletes in competitive environments. These include stress inoculation training, mental imagery, massage, EMG biofeedback, progressive relaxation and various forms of meditation. Stress inoculation training involves guided relaxation, mental imagery and making self-statements, it has been shown to be effective in improving gymnastic performance (Mace and Carroll, 1986). Mental imagery (Jones and Stuth, 1997) and massage (Jooste and Khumalo, 2012) have also shown to produce positive results. The above research measures success mainly in terms of stress and objective distress reduction, it did not however aim to help athletes to reinterpret their stress. Also individual differences pose a serious risk in terms of confounding variables in such research. A very important study here is Eppley, Abrams and Shear (1989) who examined the effects of various forms of relaxation therapy against each other. The effect sizes of the reduction in trait anxiety were reported, making this piece of research particularly prominent since not every study will report this statistic. The authors found that most therapies had similar effect sizes, but transcendental meditation had a significantly larger effect size. At the least this has implications to inform the type of interventions which are most effective at reducing anxiety, and the authors even made efforts to control for confounding variables to strengthen their conclusions. However the justification for this research is in question (at least in a sporting context) because of other research to show that anxiety can be beneficial depending on how it is interpreted (Jones et al., 1994). This means that anxiety should not necessarily be seen solely as something to be eliminated; perhaps a better res earch question would examine the qualities which cause people to differ in their interpretation of their anxiety, and suggested coping strategies should focus more on appraisal than reduction of anxiety. Transcendental meditation therapy was therefore settled upon for use in this study because unlike other therapies of this kind it offers ample opportunity for reflection and direction of anxiety which is so often cited as important (Hanton, Cropley and Lee, 2009). The control model and the theory or Martens et al. (1990) provide the theoretical rationale for this investigation.MethodParticipantsThe participants in this study were two individuals; one male, one female recruited from the University squash club who frequently competed in highly competitive tournaments. These two individuals were specifically identified using a short questionnaire administered just before the start of the tournament to identify weaknesses in self-confidence regarding squash performance. Participants were both aged 18-20 and considered themselves to be playing at a non-professional club level in highly competitive tournaments. Participants were verbally advised on the nature of the experiment and their fr eedom to withdraw at any time.InstrumentationThe dependent variable to measure is self-confidence. Competitive state anxiety was measured with the Revised Competitive State Anxiety-2 (Cox, Martens and Russell, 2003) but only the self-confidence sub-scale was used. The questionnaire is available in the appendix.Design and ProcedureParticipants were tested pre-intervention, at one week intervals during the intervention to monitor changes, and finally at post-intervention. Participants were not tested around the time of a tournament to avoid confounding effects of anxiety. After the intervention, semi-structured interviews were administered to both participants. A full transcript of these interviews is available in the appendix. The intervention consisted of three weeks of guided meditation, in which participants were encouraged to think deeply about meaningful things in their lives and to let their thoughts wander. They were encouraged also to think of themselves in relation to the wo rld. This style of transcendental meditation involves little guidance and a quiet, supportive environment in which self-expression is encouraged. Sessions lasted one hour and took place 4 times a week.ResultsA one-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed for both participants. Table 1 shows the descriptive statistics for the variables at each measurement period. As can be seen mean self-confidence ratings gradually increase with time during and after the intervention. The standard deviation also appears to increase however, showing more variability in ratings of self-confidence as therapy progresses. Table 1 Descriptive statistics for self-confidence ratings IntervalMeanStandard Deviation Pre-test183.2 Week 1154.1 Week 2245.7 Post-test284.6 Table 2 displays the post hoc tests for the comparisons between the measurements at the four time intervals. The overall ANOVA showed a significant effect of the treatment (F(3, 3)=9.356, p

Journal Critique By Harsha Sooka

The introduction of the article starts off with why the study was conducted, due to the discovery of causality amongst patients who had used gadolinium based contrast agents. Nephritic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) was the disease caused by the use of the gadolinium based contrast agent. Once again the introductions lacks literature on what this disease actually was or how the gadolinium based contrast agent caused it. The Introduction then goes Into the history of the different contrast agent and non-contrast agent magnetic assonance angiography methods.Then towards the end of the Introduction the alma of the research that was conducted was mentioned, which Is a good idea as It brings the reader, back in to understanding as to why the research was conducted. Moving on to the next part which is the methods which was explained by the authors in much detail as to what they exactly did to study the different patients, what ages and sexes of patients that took part in the research and how the research was in line with the ethics and law.Which is in fact a good start which to the methods, which shows the reader that the research was conducted ethically and according to law. The methods then go into how the study was compared with deferent sequences which are AD OTF and a TRANCE covering the kidney and pelvic vessels, a AD OTF, a AD PC and a AD B-SSP covering the aortic bifurcation and pelvic vessels. The authors also mentioned what was outcome that was to be compared and also one type MR.. Machine that was used In the whole study (Phelps 1.T Cochlea). The results contained the outcomes of the study, which were the quality of the image from the different sequences and also the factor of time taken for each of the sequence. Which was placed in tables and images and used to compare the discussion part of the article and towards the end of the result paragraph all the sequences were ranked according to all evaluated parameters. The end of discussion touched limitations and al so gave advantage of using non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography.The conclusion finishes off with the explanation as to how the authors are positive that Non-contrast enhanced MR.. Offers a safe preoperative examination for assessment of pelvic vessel status before kidney trans- plantation without any risk of NSF, nonprescription or radiation. They also lastly touched as to which of the sequences were recommended and how Important It was do prevent such complications caused. This Is a nice short and simple paragraph that does have a strong effect on the reader as to how their aim was successfully achieved and how

China and India, Western Influence on Youth Essay

Over the last decade China and India have adopted trends from western-styles. These are two heavily populated countries and their youth are gravitate more to western styles. There are many goods and services that can be offered to their marketers. This paper will describe the products that interest these youth markets. Compare and contrast the micro- and macro-environmental forces that influence the marketing strategies for these goods and services. Analyze the marketing strategies of these two countries and compare them with the U.S. consumption marketers. And finally, what opportunity for U.S. companies I might foresee. There have been many advances in technology that can be great examples of western products that interests youth marketers in India as well as China. Advancements like the cell, IPad, and we can’t forget the many gaming devices such as Playstation and Xbox. Other goods includes, western clothing, â€Å"Apparel company Murjani Group is leading the charge, bringing Western labels such as Tommy Hilfiger and Calvin Klein to Indian shoppers.† (Jana, 2007) Along with clothing accessories and perfumes, they’ve also adopted westerner’s love of fast foods as well as the purchase of goods and services via the internet including online learning. â€Å"In Eastern education, teachers have absolute authority and the students are not encouraged to question or challenge a teacher’s knowledge (Biggs & Watkins, 1996). On the other hand, in Western education, to challenge a teacher or tutor is seen as part of the self-development process as dialogue and interaction are encouraged in the learning process (Robinson, 1999).† (Xiaojing, et al., 2010) The micro- and macro-environmental forces that influence the marketing strategies for these goods and services include, higher incomes, the Indian and Chinese economy have been recording a yearly economic growth respectively. This also says, incomes in these two countries have been on the rise as well. More and more young people have enough disposable incomes that will enable them to purchase western products as well as remain trendy. The availability of competition in the market place have also enabled the presence of cheaper western products in both  countries, also, more and more western companies such as those from the US are setting up production facilities in the two countries (India and China) because of economic uncertainties in the US as well as the economic boom in India and China.Western products are also readily available in these two countries because of low transportation costs of products from western countries, reduced transaction costs as well as the availability of multiple producers; this has also lowered the prices of western goods and services in the two countries. Western products such as clothes and electronic products can be easily bought from the U.S. by consumers in India and China via the internet as well as delivered within a few days by use of worldwide delivery services such as UPS and FedEx. There are also changes in lifestyles of young consumers in India and China; there are also changes in consumer trends and changes in consumer tastes and preference on the products that they buy and consume Christoff & Eckersley, 2013) The media has also played an important role in enabling Indian as well as Chinese consumers to choose western products over their home countries products. The media in these two countries have constantly shown images of western products as well as provided information regarding them; this has enabled consumers in the two Asian countries to demand the western products as well as to be aware of the various trends and changes in the market place for western products. The marketing strategies of these two countries and their comparison with Western-based consumption marketers include, advertising in these two countries can be made via social media, and pricing can be cheaper because of low incomes in these two countries as compared to the incomes in the US. The products can also be available in stores such as supermarkets because internet connectivity in these two countries is low as compared to internet connectivity in the US where marketers can sell their products via the internet. Producers can also set up production facilities in any of the two countries because of cheap labor offered by both the Chinese as well as the Indian workforce; this will help in reducing their production costs as well as the final prices of their products. (Christoff & Eckersley, 2013) And lastly, the various opportunities that the U.S. companies might foresee are increased demand for their products and services in the two countries due to increased incomes as well as high economic growth. Companies will thus profit as a result of selling western products  in the two countries. Due to the increasing rate of internet usage, in the near future, companies can sell their products via the internet; they can also constantly conduct marketing surveys in order to identify consumer taste and preference of consumers in the two countries. In conclusion, I have described the products that interest these youth markets. Compared and contrasted the micro- and macro-environmental forces that influence the marketing strategies for these goods and services. Analyzed the marketing strategies of these two countries and compared them with the U.S. consumption marketers. And lastly, showed what opportunities U.S. companies might foresee. References Jana, R. (2007). India: Bridging the Fashion Culture Gap. Businessweek Online, 21. Christoff, P. & Eckersley, R. (2013) Globalization and the Environment. Published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group. Xiaojing, L., Shijuan, L., Seung-hee, L., & Magjuka, R. J. (2010). Cultural Differences in Online Learning: International Student Perceptions. Journal Of Educational Technology & Society, 13(3), 177-188.

Efficiency and Effectiveness in Relation to Pay Systems Essay

Efficiency and Effectiveness in Relation to Pay Systems - Essay Example This essay stresses that a perfect equilibrium is achieved when demand equals supply thus implying that everyone who is willing and able to work is working at that level of pay. If there are more people looking for employment, the pay will go down. This is because employers’ demand more people as wages goes down hence reducing unemployment. Therefore, this theory argues that if the pay is allowed to move up and down, it is an effective signal to the market and it will contribute to economic stability. This paper makes a conclusion that an efficiency wage system gives employers the ability to choose and pick among numerous applicants in order to get the best ones possible. The second factor that prompts managers to adopt efficiency pay system is intention to avoid shirking. Firms may frequently find it difficult to measure the quality and quantity of efforts of a particular worker because the systems of commissions or piece rates may prove impossible and therefore there is a possibility of the employee to do less work than agreed (shirking). As a result, the firm may decide to pay an efficiency wage with an aim of increasing or creating the cost of job loss thereby giving a sting to job firing threat. Threat such as this can be used to avoid moral hazard or shirking. Thirdly, sociological factors have been cited in relation to efficiency wages; these wages may be because of the firm’s traditions. Akerlof and Yellen argue that the firm may have been using this system to enhan ce high morale among employees thus raising productivity.

Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Argument - Essay Example The powers are crafted to ensure that the president does not apply or enjoy government excesses, leading to a monarchical regime. In my understanding on how the federal or state governments operate, immigration reforms fall solely under the purview of the federal state. The federal government aims to provide protection for all the citizens under its care. As has been introduced above, a federal state works in tandem with the state government. There is a strong law that accords and insists that both institutions work together to seal the existing loopholes in the element of governance (Proudhon 16). This means that all laws, threats, challenges and governance issues that are experienced at state level get to be discussed at that level. This will then create room for the issues to be dissected, and approved by the partially governing states, and the central government. In conclusion, immigration issues remain sensitive and overly dramatic. This is a major reason why it is important for both state governments and the central government to agree if lenient or stiffer immigration policies should be

Management Accounting Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management Accounting Report - Essay Example Therefore, while running a business, the management has to focus both on overcoming the current economic hurdles as presented by the existing business environment, as well as focusing on how the anticipated future challenges can be overcome. One of the most vital tools for enhancing business survival in a challenging and competitive business environment is enhanced marketing/outreach efforts (Hoque, 2005 p472). This strategy ensures that a business keep reaching new customers and markets, while ensuring that it still keeps the current market base well informed on its product or service range. Promotion and advertising are strategies that helps a business to remain relevant and competitive, considering that the more the number of people who knows about the existence of the business and its products, the higher the chances of such a business getting more customers. Considering that enhanced marketing/outreach efforts covers both the existing and the prospective clients, a business that advertises and promotes its products is better placed to overcome competition, than a business that does not make any efforts to make more people know about its existence and its offerings (Cullen, et al., 2013, p12). Therefore, in order for organizations to increase both customer and organizational value, enhanced marketing/outreach efforts, aimed at both the current customer base and the potential customer zones, in essential. Knowing and focusing on business Niche Competition in the business environment serves to disorient many business organizations, leaving most of them unsettled on the products or services they would actually offer, or the main client base they are targeting to serve. This is because, the business try to evade the competition by shifting to a different market or product/service offering, where they feel that they may not be faced by stiff competition (Matt, Chenhall, & Euske, 2007 p17). However, considering that the business environment is very dynamic; they end up being faced by the same competitive challenges, thus disorienting the business even further. However, when a business focuses on knowing and serving its niche market, it will understand fully the needs of the customers, and thus tailor-make its products or services to match the specific needs of the niche market (Cullen, et al., 2013, p7). This way, the business is able to cultivate customer loyalty and goodwill, which in turn enhances the repeat purchase from the customers, and thus helps the business to overcome the forces of competition that could face the business (Kloot, 1997 p47). Development of supplier/vendor retention and recruitment programs While the customer is the most important focus for any business organization, the suppliers and the vendors play a very pivotal role in enhancing the success of a business (Matt, Chenhall, & Euske, 2007 p21). The competition in the modern world is not only for the markets and customers, it is also about the sources of cheap and efficient raw materials for a business, and also about a smooth channel of distribution, since all these aspects plays a vital role in enhancing the success of a business, while determining how effective such a business is in the market. Therefore, through

Tribalism and the Nation in the African Continent Essay

Tribalism and the Nation in the African Continent - Essay Example This often accompanies accusations of primitiveness that are leveled against institutions that have their origin in tribal collectives. Tribalism in its jingoistic form is harmful for the unity of a nation and its overall development. This paper shall argue against tribalism and the effects that it has upon the modern state. It shall not however, argue for the modern state in its present form which is a creation of European culture and has been imposed on the African cultures that they once had colonized. One of the main reasons as to why certain states are unable to achieve a certain kind of unity is the persistence of tribalism. This tribalism then leads to the establishment of the tyranny of a certain tribe over the other despite the existence of democratic procedures that are established with the intention of ensuring the equal distribution of power (Jason). Over the past few decades, one has witnessed an alarming rise in the number of governments that are dictatorships in Africa. This has a lot to do with tribalism as it actively promotes tribal loyalties during elections and this then takes precedence over issues of development. This then results in most parties feeling a certain kind of disillusionment regarding the very process of elections, something that would then further tip the balance of power in favor of the ruling tribes. Tribalism thus represents a conglomeration of forces that seek to topple the forces of democracy that seek to provide for a country certain forms of development. Such incidents have happened as late as in 2008 during the Kenyan elections. Such incidents are often violent and further mar the social fabric of the nation (Africa: Talking about "Tribe"). They then cause great economic and social damage that needs to be rectified through great efforts on the part of the state. This then sets the process of development back by many years. This backward step is then taken not just at the level of the economy but also at the level of the social relations that exist between the different tribes living within the same country. Writers like Ngugi wa Thiongo identify tribalism as the problem that plagues Africa. He advocates the establishment of a single collective that would then have a more or less homogenous identity. This identity would be created following an elaborate process of decolonization that would result in the establishment of a more authentic identity (Thiongo). Even within such a framework, development is envisaged in a rath er Western framework. This is not to say that there is no African framework of development but to demonstrate the woeful lack of research in this area. If one is to posit arguments against such a thesis of nationalism against tribalism. Writers like Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni attempt to complicate the problem by introducing pre-colonial and colonial perspectives that then serve to absolve tribalism of the guilt that it would have to shoulder as far as the lack of development is concerned. Ndlovu-Gatsheni looks at the different factors that affect development in areas that are affected by tribalism and ascribes the underdeveloped states of these areas as products of history (167-9). Such analyses fail to locate the root of the problem and consequently only manage to create a sense of the inevitable as far as the existence of the problem is concerned. The historical angle of the problem, while it needs to be argued, also needs to be looked upon as something that leads to a solution and not just presenting an analysis of the situation as it arrived. It is